宗教與鑲嵌玻璃藝術

鑲嵌玻璃最早多半運用於宗教藝術，而於2000年12月裝置於天主教台北市聖家堂的鑲嵌玻璃，是由19世紀法國著名藝術家李維克(Leveque)根據聖經故事所繪製，這18座聖經鑲嵌玻璃，自1878年起就一直屬於比利時的耶穌會教堂所有。1998年時，由於教堂要改建，願將這批彩繪玻璃轉贈給其他有條件接受與保管的教堂，於是比利時耶穌會在網路上送出尋找新家的訊息。

清泉天主堂美籍丁松青神父得知此消息之後，觸動了他的藝術靈感，迅速的回應比利時教會，並獲得對方首肯，同時將這18座120多年前宗教藝術瑰寶送給新竹清泉天主堂。

於這18座歐洲百年古蹟，經由拆卸、長途運送、歷經千辛萬苦，遠渡重洋抵了新竹泰雅族部落的清泉天主堂，破損的部份所幸藉由小丁神父的藝術造詣和悉心巧手，經過半年的細細修護，終於將一片片的聖經彩繪玻璃修補重回昔玻璃日的光彩。之後，經由義大利籍前聖家堂本堂王秉鈞神父推薦，送到聖家堂，並經由專業設計師及故宮博物院的典藏技術人員的技術指導，開始一連串艱鉅的裝置工作，小丁神父也特地率泰雅青年雅威從新竹來到聖家堂修補、清洗彩繪玻璃，並協助安裝的工作；同時，聖家堂各善會團體及教友家庭也為安裝經費做了特別的奉獻，一起成就了這樁美事。

天主教台北聖家堂可能是全世界上唯一把彩繪玻離放得這麼低的教堂，因為歐洲人的天主堂彩繪玻離是高高鑲在哥德式教堂的頂端，人必須仰頭望天，透過天光才得以一窺聖經故事；但聖家堂將彩繪玻離親切地放置在聖殿兩旁，如人大小的彩繪玻璃就可以和人面對面，讓人看個仔細，「聖家三聖」、「耶穌的最後晚餐」及「耶穌被釘十字架」等18個聖經故事得以呈現在國人眼前。

The Century – Old Painted Stained Glass

Stained glass in its early days was primarily used as a religious art. The eighteen panels of painted stained glass were installed inside Taipei's Holy Family Catholic Church on December of year 2000. They were painted by famous 19th century French artist Leveque depicting religious stories taken from the Bible. They had first been the precious possession of a Jesuit church in Belgium since 1878. But in 1998, when the church underwent renovation, they decided to give this batch of painted stain glasses away to any Jesuit church, subject to certain conditions and good up keeping. They posted their desire of finding a new home for these glasses, over the internet.

This news struck an inspirational chord with American father Barry Martinson, of the Holy Cross Catholic Church of Ching-Chuan. He quickly replied to the church in Belgium and they consented to give these 18 panels, religious relics more than 120 years old to the Holy Cross church situated in Ching-Chuan, Hsinchu country.

These 18 panels, a European treasure, withstood careful removal, handling and long–distance travel, made a hard journay across oceans to finally arrive at the Holy Cross Church, located in the Tai Ya tribe in the Hsinchu Mountains. Thanks to the meticulous and dexterous hands of Fr. Martinson, who devoted six months ot a careful artistic repair work, these old and somewhat damaged stained glasses were finally restored to their former glory. Subsequently, they were delivered to the Holy Family Catholic Church at the request of Italian, former pastor of this church, Rev. Gino Picca. A serious difficult and laborious installation process was undertaken under the instructions and watchful eyes of a professional designer and of a National Palace Museum expert in art collection techniques. Fr. Martinson also brought young Ya Wee of the Tai Ya tribe from Hsinchu to assist with the reperation and cleaning of these painted stained glasses at the Holy Family Catholic Church, as well as to help with their installation.

The Holy Family Catholic Church in Taipei might be the only church in the world to place painted stained glass at such low altitude. Catholic churches in Europe inlayed painting glasses high above their Gothic- styled church walls, for all followers to look up high and see via skylight the stories from the bible. But here in the Holy Family Catholic Church lacking high windows, these painted stained glasses were thoughtfully placed on the two sides of the church, thus allowing these human-sized color-painted glasses to be at face level with people, giving our countrymen an opportunity to closely marvel at those eighteen Biblical stories such as "The Holy Family", "Last Supper of Jesus Christ", "The Crucifixion of Jesus Christ" and so on.

鑲嵌玻璃製作流程

  • 構思
    將天馬行空的構思，組成令自己感動的畫面，注意結構線條與分割線條，將圖案精確的描繪在紙樣上。
  • 選擇玻璃
    挑選最能表現自己設計理念的玻璃顏色與材質。
  • 剪紙樣
    依構圖選擇特殊專業用剪刀，像做衣服般一片一片將紙樣剪下，特殊剪刀會把焊接金屬所需的間縫線預留出來。
  • 切割玻璃
    把紙樣放在玻璃上，用專用切割刀將圖案精確的切下來，割得不夠精確將影響結構與設計美感。
  • 鑲嵌
    利用鉛條的柔軟性，順著玻璃的線條一片一片的鑲嵌在一起，你可照著自己所要表現的線條選擇粗細不同來完成鑲嵌工作。
  • 燒焊(也稱焊接)
    整個構圖已完成，接下來進行結構的燒接，用烙鐵以120℃-150℃左右的溫度進行燒焊，好的焊點是平坦而成十字(國外大都是點焊方式)，必須精準的完成兩面燒焊。
  • 防水、防震處理
    由於彩色玻璃大都是3mm左右，而金屬的空間約4mm左右，為了結構上的安全，以及震壓，雨水倒流，破損等安全因素，需用玻璃土來填入它的縫線，其乾燥後再做表面清理工作。
  • 處理表面金屬
    鉛條原是灰色面，有時為了讓色彩能夠跳脫出來，用特殊氧化劑讓它急速氧化成黑色，銅色等，再以清水，乾布等處理乾淨。
  • 上蠟防塵
    最後的工作，以一般水蠟上薄薄的一層，用乾布擦拭讓它呈現亮度，並達到防塵效果。至此，一片精心製作的鑲嵌玻璃終告完成。